Identification of highly selective and potent orexin receptor 1 antagonists derived from a dual orexin receptor 1/2 antagonist based on the structural framework of pyrazoylethylbenzamide

Bioorg Med Chem. 2017 Oct 15;25(20):5203-5215. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.051. Epub 2017 Jul 29.

Abstract

The design, synthesis, and structure activity relationships of the novel class of pyrazolylethylbenzamide orexin receptor 1-selective antagonists are described. Further derivatization of the prototype dual orexin receptor 1/2 antagonist lead (1) by installing a (S)-methyl group into the ethyl linker moiety between the pyrazole ring and benzamide resulted in an increase of the antagonist potency against orexin receptor 1/2 receptors. Optimization of the benzamide and pyrazole parts of compounds 2 and 9b led to the identification of N-ethyl-5-fluoro-N-{(2S)-1-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]propan-2-yl}-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzamide (24), which exhibited excellent antagonistic activity against orexin receptor 1 with an IC50 of 2.01nM and a 265-fold selectivity for orexin receptor 1 over orexin receptor 2.

Keywords: Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA); Orexin 1; Selective orexin receptor antagonist (SORA).

MeSH terms

  • Benzamides / chemical synthesis
  • Benzamides / chemistry
  • Benzamides / pharmacology*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Orexin Receptors / metabolism*
  • Pyrazoles / chemical synthesis
  • Pyrazoles / chemistry
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • HCRTR1 protein, human
  • HCRTR2 protein, human
  • Orexin Receptors
  • Pyrazoles